What is the point of the Advent Wreath and what does it symbolise?

Last Sunday, we blessed and lit the Advent wreath at Mass. Some people wonder why we do this and what it means.

The Advent wreath is a cherished symbol within the Christian tradition. It serves as a visual and spiritual tool during Advent. With its circular shape and specific design, the wreath holds deep meaning and serves a significant purpose in this observance.

The wreath is traditionally made of evergreen branches, symbolizing eternal life. Its circular form, which has neither beginning nor end, is a representation of God’s infinite love and the eternal life promised through Christ. This powerful symbolism reminds Christians of the continuity of life and the everlasting nature of their faith.

Typically, an Advent wreath includes four or five candles, each with its significance. The four candles are arranged around the wreath, each representing one of the four weeks of Advent. In many traditions, a fifth candle, known as the Christ Candle, is placed in the centre of the wreath and is lit on Christmas Eve or Christmas Day. The incremental lighting of these candles symbolises the anticipation and hope surrounding the coming of Christ, referred to as the Light of the World.

Each candle on the Advent wreath carries its own meaning, often represented by specific readings and prayers. Historically, the candles are assigned the themes of hope, peace, joy, and love. The first candle, sometimes called the “Prophecy Candle” or the “Candle of Hope,” signifies the hope and expectation of the coming Messiah. The second candle, known as the “Bethlehem Candle” or the “Candle of Peace,” reminds believers of the peace that Christ brings. The third candle, known for its distinctive pink colour, is the “Shepherd’s Candle” or the “Candle of Joy,” reflecting the joy the shepherds felt upon receiving the news of Jesus’ birth. The fourth candle, the “Angel’s Candle” or “Candle of Love,” represents the love and message of the angels of “peace on Earth, good will toward people.”

Beyond their theological symbolism, the candles also serve a practical purpose in guiding the community through the season. A new candle is lit each Sunday, engaging the congregation and marking time as Christmas approaches. This ritual helps build a sense of anticipation and preparation within the hearts of worshippers. Additionally, for individuals and families, the lighting of the Advent wreath can serve as a moment for meditation and reflection, offering a break from the busyness of holiday preparations.

The Advent wreath is a multifaceted symbol with rich meanings that underpin the Christian Advent season. Through its symbolic and practical roles, the Advent wreath encourages deep reflection and anticipation of Christ’s coming, nurturing faith and community traditions during this sacred time.

Do you have an Advent wreath in your home to help you keep the season of Advent alive as we move towards celebrating the Nativity?

Fr. Russell Pollitt SJ